Explore the latest research on the 4 Pathways to ATP Synthesis
The energy currency of all life is adenosine triphosphate, or ATP. To function properly and to survive, all cells require ATP. Many studies have been done to discover the mechanism of ATP synthesis. There are four main pathways in which ATP is synthesized: substrate-level phosphorylation, oxidative phosphorylation, photophosphorylation, and chemiosmotic phosphorylation. Substratrate-level Phosphorylation is the easiest of the four and can be found in glycolysis. This process involves the transfer of a phosphate from an organic molecule into ADP and creating ATP (Patil et. al., 2018,).
The most efficient method of making ATP is oxidative phosphorylation. The electron transport chain drives this process in mitochondria. ATP is created when electrons transfer from electron donors to electron acceptors. (Sobrevia et. al. 2020). Photophosphorylation refers to the conversion of light energy into ATP. This happens in photosynthetic plants, which use light energy to drive the electron transport chain. (Gohier, et al. 2017, 2017). Cont…
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