The dynamic arrangement of biological and mental processes that underlie a person’s patterns of behaviour, thought and emotion is called personality. However, there are significant differences in theoretical positions regarding the hypothesized dynamics and the systems that are said to underlie such dynamics. Coping is sometimes defined as efforts to avoid or minimize danger, harm, or loss, or to alleviate associated suffering. Some prefer to include both spontaneous and involuntary responses in the construct of coping, while others prefer to limit the concept of coping to conscious responses (Compas et al., 2017). (Skinner & Zimmer-Gembeck 2017). Personality psychology studies theories about human nature and personality traits. Biological and goal-based perspectives on human nature are particularly helpful in defining coping, and the five-factor attribute model provides a set of relevant individual differences. Responses to hardship and associated suffering have a variety of characteristics. Meta-analyses show that neuroticism leads to more detached coping, whereas extraversion, hard work, and openness lead to more committed coping. Optimism and agreeableness lead to less coping detachment (Compas et al., 2017). The relationship between attributes and specific coping mechanisms paints a more detailed picture. Age, stressor intensity, and time lag between coping intervention and coping reporting all appeared to be moderators of these associations (Skinner & Zimmer-Gembeck 2017). Physical and mental health are influenced by personality and coping, both independently and interactively. continue…
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